Spreadsheet Fundamentals

Key Terms

  • Cell - Intersection of a row and column (e.g., A1, B2)
  • Formula - Calculation using cell references (e.g., =B2*C2)
  • Function - Pre-built formula (e.g., =SUM(B2:B10))
  • Label - Text used to identify data
  • Worksheet - Single sheet within a workbook
  • Range - Group of cells (e.g., A1:C10)

Common Functions

Function Purpose Example
SUMAdds values=SUM(A1:A10)
AVERAGECalculates mean=AVERAGE(B1:B10)
COUNTCounts numbers=COUNT(C1:C10)
COUNTIFCounts with condition=COUNTIF(A1:A10,">5")
MAX/MINFinds largest/smallest=MAX(D1:D10)
VLOOKUPVertical lookup=VLOOKUP(A2,Table,2,FALSE)
IFConditional logic=IF(A1>50,"Pass","Fail")

Formula vs Function

Formula: =B2*C2 - Uses operators and cell references

Function: =SUM(B2:B10) - Uses a built-in named function

Charts

  • Column/Bar - Compare quantities across categories
  • Line - Show trends over time
  • Pie - Show parts of a whole (percentages)