Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

What is the SDLC?

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a structured approach to developing information systems. It provides a framework for planning, creating, testing, and deploying systems.

SDLC Stages

  1. Preliminary Analysis - Initial investigation to determine if the project is feasible and worthwhile
  2. Analysis - Detailed study of current system and requirements gathering
  3. Design - Creating the blueprint for the new system including interface, database, and process design
  4. Development - Building the system according to specifications
  5. Implementation - Installing and deploying the system, training users
  6. Evaluation and Maintenance - Ongoing assessment and updates to keep the system running effectively

SDLC Cycle Diagram

Preliminary Analysis → Analysis → Design → Development → Implementation
        ↑                                                      ↓
        └──────────── Evaluation and Maintenance ←─────────────┘

Methodologies

  • Waterfall - Linear, sequential approach where each phase must be completed before the next begins
  • Prototyping - Building working models to refine requirements through user feedback
  • Agile - Iterative approach with frequent deliveries and continuous improvement

Key Points for Assessment

  • Be able to describe each stage of the SDLC
  • Explain why the SDLC is cyclical (systems need ongoing maintenance)
  • Compare different methodologies and when to use each
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